加拿大研究生考试GRE阅读经典逻辑题分析
加拿大研究生考试GRE阅读经典逻辑题分析
熟悉论证关系、熟练判断论点论据是绝杀GRE阅读不可或缺的手段。这需要系统的理论方法与大量的练习实践共同作用。而下面这道题目在找到目标结论这一步上就难倒了众多同学。
我们一起来看看这个貌似有很多结论的逻辑削弱题到底应该怎么去处理。GRE阅读
Even after numerous products made with artificial sweeteners became available,sugar consumption per capita continued to rise.Now manufacturers are introducing fat-free versions of various foods that they claim have the taste and texture of the traditional high-fat versions.Even if the manufacturers'claim is true,given that the availability of sugar-free foods did not reduce sugar consumption,it is unlikely that the availability of these fat-free foods will reduce fat consumption.
Which of the following,if true,most seriously undermines the argument?
A.several kinds of fat substitute are available to manufacturers,each of which gives a noticeably different taste and texture to products that contain it.
B.the products made with artificial sweeteners did not taste like products made with sugar.
C.the foods brought out in sugar-free versions did not generally have reduced levels of fat,but many of the fat-free versions about to be introduced are low in sugar.
D.people who regularly consume products containing artificial sweeteners are more likely than others to consume fat-free foods.
E.not all foods containing fat can be produced in fat-free versions.
答案：B
解析：
B代糖吃起来并不像糖，因为口味有差异，所以糖原本的消耗没有减少。所以当代脂吃起来像高脂肪的时候，可能就降低了脂肪的消耗。能成功代替。
其他选项
A.代脂问世，且尝起来不一样。反向选项，加强了结论。尝起来不一样，才会有人继续买真脂肪。
C.低糖不一定低脂，但是低脂一定低糖。有区别，但是跟糖耗和脂耗都不相关。无关选项。
D.人工糖的消费者比无脂肪的消费者多。人工糖的消费者多，不代表糖的消费者比高脂的消费者多。虽然有比较，但没有达到目标，无关选项。学在加拿大
E.并不是所有含脂肪的食物都可以改造成无脂的模式。
从题干可清晰知道此题为逻辑削弱题，需要针对文章结论进行削弱。然而，难住很多的同学第一个问题就是，这么多看起来像结论的地方，到底削弱谁？终极目标结论到底在哪里？
GRE阅读没有并列主要结论，出现多个结论时一定有主次之分，此时必然是针对主要结论进行削弱。
加拿大研究生考试GRE阅读经典逻辑题分析
今天为大家提供判定主要结论的方式之一：将来时态是主要结论。顺带说一句，只看位置前后去判断主次结论风险极大。慎用！
因此，本文主要结论是：...it is unlikely that the availability of these fat-free foods will reduce fat consumption.
直接推翻结论，削弱之后目标结论为：...it is unlikely that the availability of these fat-free foods will not reduce fat consumption.
此时出现第二个问题，对于类比的理解是否准确。类比论证是GRE阅读中经常考查的一种论证方式，其意义往往并非只停留在表面，需要我们深层挖掘。通过文章将可替代脂肪与代糖类比可知：代糖的出现不能让糖的消耗降低，所以可替代脂肪的出现也不能导致脂肪消耗降低。
